Double-action hydraulic forcing press

ABSTRACT

Fixed inside each of the hydraulic cylinders is a thrust sleeve having an axial bore which accommodates a feeler rod axially movable in said bore. The feeler rod is mechanically interlinked with the plunger of a respective hydraulic cylinder and is adapted to intract with the axle of the item being assembled that is positioned in between the hydraulic cylinders and onto which its members are to be forced, and with the corrector device which, while interacting with one of said members, determines the effective length of stroke of the plunger depending upon the length of the item being assembled.

United States Patent n 1 Tobak et al.

451 Jan. 30, 1973 DOUBLE-ACTION HYDRAULIC FORCING PRESS inventors: l ievZeilikovich Tobali; Semen Abramovich Shterman; Mikhail GalileevichBrandenburgsky; Nikolai losiiovich Lichman; Andrei Lu-' kyanovichLugovskoi, all of Odessa,

US. Cl. ..29/208 C, 29/252 Int. Cl. ..B23p 19/04 Field oiSearch ..29/208C, 252, 208 R, 208 D [56] References Cited UNITEDSTATES PATENTS1,196,963 9/l9l6 Mahr ..29/252 Primary Examiner-Thomas l-l. EagerAttorney-Eric l-l. Waters et al.

['57] ABSTRACT Fixed inside each of the hydraulic cylinders is a thrustsleeve having an axial bore which accommodates a feeler rod axiallymovable in said bore. The feeler rod is mechanically interlinked withthe plunger of a respective hydraulic cylinder and is adapted to intractwith the axle of the item being assembled that is positioned in betweenthe hydraulic cylinders and onto which its members are to be forced, andwith the corrector device which, while interacting with one of saidmembers, determines the effective length of stroke of the plungerdepending upon the length of the item being assembled.

6 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENTEDJAN 30 I973 SHEET 2 [IF 2DOUBLE-ACTION HYDRAULIC F ORCING PRESS This invention relates generallyto pressing machinery of the through-going type and, more specifically,to a double-action hydraulic forcing press intended for forcing onto anaxle the parts arranged symmetrically to the midpoint thereof e.g., forforcing bearings, bushes and some other items.

The invention can find most preferential application when used eitherindependently or in an automatic transfer line for assembly of wheelpairs of railway cars, Diesel locomotives, electric locomotives and ofsome other transportation facilities.

Known in the present state of the art is a double-action hydraulicforcing press for assembling wheel pairs, comprising a bed carrying twostands interlinked with braces; each of said stands accommodates ahorizontal hydraulic plunger case or cylinder, both of them beingcoaxially mounted.

A carriage is mounted in between the stands so as to travel along theaxis of the hydraulic cylinders on a rail track, said carriage beingintended for positioning the wheel pair being assembled (i.e., axle andwheels to forced thereonto) within the working space of the press,viz'., between the hydraulic cylinders.

Wheels are forced onto the axle in the heretofore used presses by virtueof working stroke of the plungers of the hydraulic cylinders, operatingalternatively.

The quality of an assembled wheel pair depends upon the accuracy towhich the predetermined distance between the inner wheel faces has beenmaintained, as well as upon the deviations from the specified distancebetween the wheel inner faces to the axle butt end on both sides of thewheel pair. I

However, as it is commonly known, axles onto which wheels are mounted toform a wheel pair, feature but different lengths within the sizetolerance for their production; that is why prior to assembling eachwheel pair its axle should be marked out individually by dividing theaxle lengthwise into two halves and applying a witness mark.

Besides, some gauges are used during wheel forcing procedure to indicatethe position of the wheel on the axle with respect to the witness mark.As soon as the wheel has reached the position at the predetermineddistance from the witness mark the press is thrown out of operation.

The operations of marking out the axle, setting the gauge anddisengagement of the press are carried out manually. These manualoperations make it impossible to introduce automation into the wheelpair assembly process which results in low efficiency of the hithertoused forcing presses.

It is an essential object of the present invention to provide adouble-action hydraulic forcing press, wherein when assembling itemsfeaturing their component members arranged symmetrically along thecenter line thereof, the required distance between the inner faces ofthe members being forced onto the axle would be maintained automaticallyand the distances from said inner faces to the butt ends of the axle onboth sides of the item being assembled be single-valued irrespective ofthe axle length.

Said and other objects are attained due to the fact that, according tothe invention, provision is made inside each hydraulic cylinder for athrust sleeve whose axial bore accommodates a movable feeler rodmechanically interlinked with the working member of the respectivehydraulic cylinder and adapted to in-' teract with the axle of the itembeing assembled and v with a corrector device mounted on the press bed,said corrector device while simultaneously interacting with the memberbeing forced onto the axle, determines the effective length of stroke ofthe hydraulic cylinder working member to suit the axle length of theitem being assembled, said length being fixed by the feeler rod.

Such a design principle underlying the essence of the present inventionenables an exact correction of the mutual position of the members beingforced onto the axle due to the interaction of one of the feeler rodsthrough the axle of the item with the thrust sleeve of the oppositehydraulic cylinder.

it is expedient that each feeler rod be mechanically interlinked withthe working member of the respective hydraulic cylinder by wayof apushrod arranged in parallel with said feeler rod so that its one end belocked-in with the latter and the other end be intercom nected with thehydraulic cylinder working member through a spring-loaded sleeve mountedon said pushrod and a bracket.

In a specific and preferred embodiment of the press it is likewiseexpedient that the corrector device have a lever to interact with thepushrod and with a slide block travelling in parallel with the axis ofthe hydraulic cylinder and that said slide block carry a position sensor of the member being forced onto the item axle.

The lever of the corrector device is expedient to be so positioned thatthe lines of its interaction with the pushrod and with the slide blockbe coplanar with the plane of rotation of said arm.

This will result in a reduced error in correcting the position of themember being forced lengthwise the axle of the item.

It is likewise favorable that the distance between the pivot spindle ofthe slide block and that of the arm be at a ratio of 1:2 with thedistance between the pivotspindle of the pushrod and that of the lever.

It is not less expedient that the sensor of the corrector deviceinteract with the member being forced through a spring-loaded stoplocated on the press bed at the level of said member.

This will protect the sensor against occasional damage in the course ofinteraction with the member being forced.

Such a design of the double-action hydraulic forcing press, according tothe invention, makes it possible to automatically set and maintain adesired distance between the inner faces of the members being forced andobtain equal distances between said inner faces and the butt ends of theaxle on both sides of the item being assembled irrespective of thelength of said axle. Besides, an individual marking out of every axleand the use of a gauge to determine the position of the member beingforced are dispensed with.

Given below is a detailed description of an embodiment of the presentinvention to be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,wherein:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal-section view of a double-actionhydraulic forcing press for assembly of wheel pairs;

FIG. 2 illustrates the press of FIG. 1 showing the initial position ofits mechanisms prior to forcing the L.H. wheel;

FIG. 3 illustrates the press of FIG. 1 showing the intermediate positionof its mechanisms when forcing the L.H. wheel; and

FIG. 4 illustrates the press of FIG. 1 showing the terminal position ofits mechanisms when forcing the L.H. wheel.

Now referring to the Drawings, the double-action hydraulic forcing presscomprises a bed 1 (FIG. 1), carrying two stands 2 interlinked withhorizontal braces 3 to form a closed rigid structure which takes uppressing force.

Each of the stands 2 accommodates a horizontal cylinder 4 of the plungertype. Both hydraulic cylinders 4 are coaxially mounted.

A movable appliance is arranged it between the stands 2 on a support 5which is fixed on the press bed 1, said'appliance being essentially acarriage 6 adapted to reciprocate along an axis 7 of the hydrauliccylinders 4.

The wheel pair being assembled (i.e., an axle 8 and two wheels 9) isplaced on the carriage 6 within the press working space lengthwise theaxis 7 of the hydraulic cylinders 4.

Each of the hydraulic cylinders 4 incorporates a cylinder barrel Y10 anda working member made as a hollow plunger 11, wherein a thrust sleeve 12is loosely mounted lengthwise the axis 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 4,said sleeve with its one end being fixed in the end face of the barrel10.

Each of the thrust sleeves 12 has an axial bore along which a feeler rod13 is free to pass lengthwise the axis 7 of the hydraulic cylinders 4,said feeler rod with its one end facing the wheel pair being assembled,whereas its other end carries a pushrod 15 arranged parallel to thefeeler rod 13 and mounted on a bracket 14.

The vacant end of the pushrod 15 is fitted with a sleeve 16interconnected with the plunger 1 1 through a bracket 17. The travel ofsaid sleeve 16 along the pushrod 15 is restricted at one end by a stop18 and at the other end, with a spring 19 and another stop 20. Bothstops 18 and 20 are made fast on the pushrod 15.

Two corrector devices 22 are arranged inside the support 5 on a plate 21(FIGS. 2-4) to determine the efiective length of stroke of each of theplungers l 1 depending upon the length of the axle 8 in each wheel pairbeing assembled. a

Each of the corrector devices 22 comprises a lever 23, whose pivotspindle 24 is fixed on the plate 21 and whose vacant end is located atthe level of the pushrod A spring-loaded slide block 26 is mounted in ahorizontal pivot spindle on the same plate 21 at the level of themidpoint of the lever 23, said slide block carrying a position sensor 27of the wheel 9 on the axle 8. The sensor 27 interacts with the rim ofthe wheel 9 of the wheel pair being assembled through a spring-loadedstop 28 mounted on the plate 21 at the level of the rim of the wheel 9.

The distance a between the pivot spindle 25 of the slide block 26 andthe pivot spindle 24 of the lever 23 is at a ratio of l:2 with thedistance b between the pivot on both sides of the wheel pair likewiseranges within thelimitsofl+l .-+:Al.

The best qualities will be featured by such awheel pair, wherein l (L,U2), and A l IE/SL Thus, the purpose of the corrector device 22 consistsin that when the total length L of the axle 8 varies by the value L, thecorrector device causes the position sensor 27 which disengages thepress, to shift by the length value Al %AL,.

The double-action hydraulic forcing press of the invention operates asfollows.

The wheel pair being assembled, with the wheels 9 preliminarily fittedonto the guide cones of the axle 8, is fed by the feed mechanism (notshown in the drawings) onto the carriage 6 of the press which positionsthe axle 8 within the press working space lengthwise the axis 7 of thehydraulic cylinders 4.

The wheels 9 are forced onto the axle 8 in succes-.

sron. I

FIG. 2 represents the initial position of the press mechanisms whenforcing the L.H. (in the drawings) wheel 9. A

The L.H. hydraulic cylinder having been put into operation, its plunger1 1 while travelling rightward till the contact with the end face of theL.H. whe'el, centers the latter on the guide cone of the axle 8 of thewheel pair, whereupon the plunger causes the wheel pair together withthe carriage 6 to shift rightward unit 1 the RH. butt end of the axle 8rests against the butt end of the thrust sleeve 12 of the RH. hydrauliccylinder 4.

At the same time the bracket 17 interconnected with the plunger 11 ofthe L.H. hydraulic cylinder 4 causes the sleeve 16 to travel along thepushrod 15, said sleeve acting upon the stop 20 via the spring 19 andcausing the pushrod 15 and the feeler rod 13 connected thereto, to moverightward.

While further moving rightward the pushrod 15 exerts upon the lever 23of the corrector device 22, said lever while rotating round its pivotspindle 24, shifts to the right the pivot spindle 25 of the slide block26 together with sensor 27.

Thismotion continues until the butt end of the L.H. feeler rod 13 restsagainst the L.H. butt end of the axle 8 of the wheel pair beingassembled. At that instant the sensor 27 stops in such a position thatensures the equivalent distance I from the inner faces of the wheels 9to the butt ends of the axle 8 on both sides of the.

wheel pair depending upon the length L of the axle 8.

Further motion of the sensor 27'ceases, and forcing of the L.H. wheel 9will be kept until the inner face of the wheel 9 rim gets in contactwith the stop 28 which while travelling rightward, exerts upon thesensor 27 which throws the L.H. hydraulix cylinder out of operation.

The forcing procedure of RB. wheel 9 is similar to that of the L.H.wheel, being actuated from the RH. hydraulic cylinder 4.

What is claimed is:

1. A double-action hydraulic forcing press, comprising: stands mountedon a bed and interlinked with braces; two coaxial hydraulic cylinders,each mounted in one of said stands; a contrivance located in betweensaid hydraulic cylinders with a possibility of travelling along theiraxis and adapted to carry the axle of the item being assembled and themembers being forced thereonto; a thrust sleeve fixed inside each ofsaid hydraulic cylinders concentrically therewith and having an axialbore; a feeler rod accommodated in each of said axial bores and madeaxially movable; each of said feeler rods being mechanically interlinkedwith the working member of the said respective hydraulic cylinder andadapted to interact with the axle of the item being assembled; acorrector device mounted on said bed of the press and adapted tointeract with the respective of said feeler rods and simultaneously withone of the members being forced onto the. axle, said corrector devicedetermining the effective length of stroke of the working member of thesaid respective hydraulic cylinder to suit the length of said axle ofthe item being assembled, said length, being fixed by the respective ofsaid feeler rods. I

2. A press as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the aforesaid feelerrods is mechanically interlinked with said working member of therespective hydraulic cylinder by way of a pushrod arranged in parallelwith said feeler rod, one of the ends of said pushrod being locked-inwith said feeler rod and the other end being interconnected through aspring-loaded sleeve mounted on said pushrod and a bracker, with theworking member of the respective of the aforesaid hydraulic cylinders.

3. A press as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the aforesaidcorrector devices has a lever adapted to interact with the respective ofthe aforesaid pushrods and with the slide block travelling in parallelwith the axis of said hydraulic cylinders and carrying the sensor of theposition of the member being forced on the axle of the item beingassembled.

' 4. A press as claimed in claim 3, wherein said lever is so positionedthat the lines of its interaction with said pushrod and said slide blockare coplanar with the plane of rotation of said lever.

' 5. A press as claimed in claim 4, wherein the distance between thepivot spindle of said slide block and that of said lever is at a rationof 1:2 with the distance between the pivot spindle of said pushrod andthat of said lever.

6.- A press as claimed in claim 3, wherein said sensor interacts withsaid member being forced, through a spring-loaded stop mounted on saidbed of the press at the press at the level of said member being forced.

' x a: s a:

1. A double-action hydraulic forcing press, comprising: stands mountedon a bed and interlinked with braces; two coaxial hydraulic cylinders,each mounted in one of said stands; a contrivance located in betweensaid hydraulic cylinders with a possibility of travelling along theiraxis and adapted to carry the axle of the item being assembled and themembers being forced thereonto; a thrust sleeve fixed inside each ofsaid hydraulic cylinders concentrically therewith and having an axialbore; a feeler rod accommodated in each of said axial bores and madeaxially movable; each of said feeler rods being mechanically interlinkedwith the working member of the said respective hydraulic cylinder andadapted to interact with the axle of the item being assembled; acorrector device mounted on said bed of the press and adapted tointeract with the respective of said feeler rods and simultaneously withone of the members being forced onto the axle, said corrector devicedetermining the effective length of stroke of the working member of thesaid respective hydraulic cylinder to suit the length of said axle ofthe item being assembled, said length being fixed by the respective ofsaid feeler rods.
 1. A double-action hydraulic forcing press,comprising: stands mounted on a bed and interlinked with braces; twocoaxial hydraulic cylinders, each mounted in one of said stands; acontrivance located in between said hydraulic cylinders with apossibility of travelling along their axis and adapted to carry the axleof the item being assembled and the members being forced thereonto; athrust sleeve fixed inside each of said hydraulic cylindersconcentrically therewith and having an axial bore; a feeler rodaccommodated in each of said axial bores and made axially movable; eachof said feeler rods being mechanically interlinked with the workingmember of the said respective hydraulic cylinder and adapted to interactwith the axle of the item being assembled; a corrector device mounted onsaid bed of the press and adapted to interact with the respective ofsaid feeler rods and simultaneously with one of the members being forcedonto the axle, said corrector device determining the effective length ofstroke of the working member of the said respective hydraulic cylinderto suit the length of said axle of the item being assembled, said lengthbeing fixed by the respective of said feeler rods.
 2. A press as claimedin claim 1, wherein each of the aforesaid feeler rods is mechanicallyinterlinked with said working member of the respective hydrauliccylinder by way of a pushrod arranged in parallel with said feeler rod,one of the ends of said pushrod being locked-in with said feeler rod andthe other end being interconnected through a spring-loaded sleevemounted on said pushrod and a bracker, with the working member of therespective of the aforesaid hydraulic cylinders.
 3. A press as claimedin claim 1, wherein each of the aforesaid corrector devices has a leveradapted to inTeract with the respective of the aforesaid pushrods andwith the slide block travelling in parallel with the axis of saidhydraulic cylinders and carrying the sensor of the position of themember being forced on the axle of the item being assembled.
 4. A pressas claimed in claim 3, wherein said lever is so positioned that thelines of its interaction with said pushrod and said slide block arecoplanar with the plane of rotation of said lever.
 5. A press as claimedin claim 4, wherein the distance between the pivot spindle of said slideblock and that of said lever is at a ration of 1:2 with the distancebetween the pivot spindle of said pushrod and that of said lever.